在大型的数据库应用中,我们经常会有针对表与表之间的关键建进行字段更新,那么在这个时候,我们就不能写简单的update来实现更新操作,而要针对具体的数据量来进行批量的update,下面几个例子是常用的SQL,将其做个对比,欢迎大家提出更好,更高效的SQL实现。
数据库:Oracle 9i 测试工具:PL/SQL定义2张测试表:T1,T2
T1--大表 10000条 T1_FK_ID T2--小表 5000条 T2_PK_ID T1通过表中字段ID与T2的主键ID关联 模拟数据如下:--T2有5000条记录
create table T2 as select rownum id, a.* from all_objects a where 1=0; //T2表的字段和all_objects表字段类型以及默认值一致,但索引初始化了,需要重新设置 --创建主键ID,向T2表copy数据 alter table T2 add constraint T2_PK_ID primary key (ID); insert /*+ APPEND */ into T2 select rownum id, a.* from all_objects a where rownum<=5000; --T1有10000条记录 create table T1 as select rownum sid, T2.* from T2 where 1=0; -- 创建外键ID,向T1表copy数据 alter table T1 add constraint T1_FK_ID foreign key (ID) references t2 (ID); insert /*+ APPEND */ into T1 select rownum sid, T2.* from T2; insert /*+ APPEND */ into T1 select rownum sid, T2.* from T2; --更新Subobject_Name字段,初始为NULL update T2 set T2.Subobject_Name='StevenHuang' 需求:我们希望能把T1表的Subobject_Name字段也全部更新成'StevenHuang',也就是说T1的10000条记录都会得到更新,以下SQL语句均在PL/SQL命令窗口测试。 方法一: 写PL/SQL,开cursor![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
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---耗时39.716s
显然这是最传统的方法,如果数据量巨大的话(4000万记),还会报”snapshot too old”错误退出,PL/SQL工具会挂掉 方法二: 用loop循环,分批update![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
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--耗时0.656s,这里一共循环了10次,如果数据量巨大的话,虽然能够完成任务,但是速度还是不能令人满意。(例如我们将T1--大表增大到100000记录 T2--小表增大到50000记录,将耗时10.139s)
方法三: --虚拟一张表来进行操作,在数据量大的情况下效率比方法二高很多. 注:此语句下T1,T2表中必须有相应的主外建关联,否则sql编译不能通过.![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
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--耗时3.234s (T1--大表增大到100000记录 T2--小表增大到50000记录)
*以上所有操作都已经将分析执行计划所需的时间排除在外原文转自: